[00:00:05] Hello, my name is Sally Moriarty-Flask. Welcome to: From His Word to Our Hearts, my weekly Bible Study podcast. Together we will explore the readings to be proclaimed at the Catholic Mass on Sunday, May 11, 2025, the Fourth Sunday of Easter; it is also Good Shepherd Sunday. This week's episode is entitled: Our Good Shepherd, and in these readings we are reminded that Jesus IS the Good Shepherd, always watching out for us, always caring for us, the Shepherd who laid down his life for us.
[00:00:42] As we journey through the readings this week, consider the following:
Jesus is the Good Shepherd and we are the precious sheep of his flock. Those aren't just words. They mean something - to us! They mean that we have a relationship with Jesus - and that relationship should be foremost in our lives, but is it? Each of us must come to know Our Shepherd, to hear his voice when he calls, to belong wholly to him, and to love him without reservation, but do we? Jesus always chooses us, but amidst all the distractions and pressures of our world, do we always choose him?
[00:01:34] So, let's begin:
In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Amen.
Heavenly Father, we praise you and we thank you for the care and compassion of Our Good Shepherd, Jesus. Help us to hear his voice and to know his love fully and so be assured that we are treasured and precious members of his flock. We ask this through Our Lord Jesus Christ, the firstborn from the dead, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit forever. Amen.
In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Amen.
[00:02:08] Now that we have opened our hearts in prayer, let's listen to what God is telling us in the Scriptures. Our Gospel this week is from John 10: 27-30.
[00:02:20] “[Jesus said:] ‘My sheep hear my voice; I know them, and they follow me. I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish. No one shall snatch them out of my hand. My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all, and no one is able to snatch them out of the Father's hand. The Father and I are one.’”
[00:02:48] As I mentioned in the beginning of this episode, the Fourth Sunday of Easter is also Good Shepherd Sunday, and the readings in all three scripture cycles are from chapter 10 of John's Gospel, which is the Good Shepherd Discourse. The Good Shepherd Discourse teaches us about Jesus’ role as the Good Shepherd and describes his relationship to the sheep of his flock - that's us!
[00:03:21] Good Shepherd Sunday used to be celebrated on the Third Sunday of Easter, but it was moved as part of the reforms of the Second Vatican Council. When the Lectionary was restructured, it was decided that an additional week would be devoted to Jesus' post-Resurrection appearances, so Good Shepherd Sunday was shifted back one week to accommodate that. That's important because Good Shepherd Sunday serves as a transition between Jesus' post-Resurrection appearances and his teaching ministry as found in John's Gospel. And of course, John is the primary Gospel in the Easter season - with a couple of exceptions. So, with all of that in mind, let's break open John's Gospel.
[00:04:12] “[Jesus said:] ‘My sheep hear my voice;’”
We tend to hurry by that statement because we don't fully understand it, so let me flesh it out a bit. In biblical times, several flocks would shelter together in a common sheepfold at night, and the shepherds would take turns sleeping across the single point of entry - the single gateway into the sheepfold - and they would keep out predators and thieves. That's the origin of the saying: the shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. The shepherd laying across the entrance to the sheepfold (the gate to the sheepfold) would be the first line of defense for the sheep inside, for all of the flocks inside. If anything disturbed him, the other shepherds (sleeping inside the enclosure with the sheep) would be able to join together and protect all of the flocks. But in the morning, when it was time to take the sheep out to graze, each shepherd needed a reliable way to separate his flock from all the others.
[00:05:30] So each shepherd developed his very own unique call, which his flock, and only his flock, would recognize.
[00:05:41] That's what Jesus means when he says: “my sheep hear my voice.” We hear and recognize the voice of Our Good Shepherd.
“I know them, and they follow me.”
What Jesus means by that is that he really and truly knows each and every one of us… every lamb in his care, every lamb in his flock. That is a declaration of great intimacy and understanding.
[00:06:22] And when Jesus says: follow me - he doesn't mean that we simply follow him passively, without thought, despite the fact that it may sound that way. And again, we have to understand more about sheep to understand why that is important.
[00:06:44] Sheep are often described as foolish, stubborn, and easily distracted. Well, they are all of those things, but they are also very social. They are clever, intelligent, and complex animals, believe it or not. Sounds just a bit like humans, doesn't it? Hmm, interesting.
[00:07:18] Sheep can actually recognize the individual faces of other sheep in their flock and even the faces of their human shepherds. So, not just the voice (or the call) of the human shepherd, but their face as well - what they look like. Which tells us that sheep know exactly who they are following.
[00:07:47] But despite all of that, sheep do still need to be herded - they need to be led - they can't decide on their own who they will follow. If they do, that's when they'll scatter… that's when they'll become distracted.
[00:08:07] We, on the other hand, despite the number of characteristics we may share with sheep, we ARE able to make our own decisions - for good or ill. Sometimes we make good choices, sometimes we don't. And we have to decide - as disciples - whether or not we will follow Jesus… that is a conscious decision that each person has to make for his or her self.
[00:08:41] Jesus goes on…
“I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish.”
[00:08:48] Through his Passion, Death, and Resurrection, Jesus opens the gates of heaven for us so that we may attain eternal life and dwell in the kingdom of God forever.
“No one shall snatch them out of my hand.”
[00:09:05] I love how that sentence is translated, here in the RSV. The NAB says: “take” (“no one shall take them out of my hand”) but the original text is actually more aggressive, almost malicious, and should be translated as seized or snatched, as the RSV does.
[00:09:29] Jesus is saying that he will protect his lambs, protect the sheep of his flock, from every thief or predator, no matter how determined.
[00:09:44] “My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all, and no one is able to snatch them out of the Father's hand.”
[00:09:53] Jesus is reminding us that we have an element of choice in this matter. The devil, the ultimate thief, the ultimate predator, cannot - on his own - separate us from God… but we can. The devil cannot sever our relationship with God… only we can do that. And we have to choose to do it!
[00:10:23] Remember, the essence of sin is separation from God. And we have to commit that sin knowingly and willingly. What the devil cannot do to us, we can - unfortunately - do to ourselves.
[00:10:45] And that's the reminder… there's no single predator that can take us away from God, but we can turn our back on him. Then Jesus says…
“The Father and I are one.”
[00:11:05] Jesus is saying that he and the Father are not just family, they're not just related, they are not kind of similar - but they are ONE! One nature, one being, one substance, one God. In the Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture for the Gospel of John, Martin and Wright brilliantly captured the essence of this passage when they wrote: “Here, Jesus affirms his unity with the Father. The relationship between the Father and the Son and also the Holy Spirit is the mystery of the Blessed Trinity. The Trinity lies at the heart of Christian life. Through the humanity of Jesus, God enters into a profound relationship of intimacy with his people: God literally becomes one of us. He does this so that human beings might come to share in the eternal exchange of love that is the Trinity. Trinitarian life is the pasture to which the Good Shepherd comes to lead us.”
[00:12:31] Again, that captures the essence of that passage better than any single paragraph I think I've ever encountered. Jesus, Our Good Shepherd, always loves us… but do we always love him in return?
[00:12:52] The Good Shepherd always chooses us… but do we always choose him?
[00:13:02] For all the times that we falter - or fail - or sin - or neglect to make the right choice, Jesus is always there… willing to lead us to the safety of our eternal home in the kingdom.
[00:13:28] That takes us to our First Reading, which is still from the Acts of the Apostles. Acts 13: 14, 43-52.
“[Paul and Barnabas continued] on from Perga and came to Antioch of Pisid’ia. On the sabbath day they went into the synagogue and sat down. And when the meeting of the synagogue broke up, many Jews and devout converts to Judaism followed Paul and Barnabas, who spoke to them and urged them to continue in the grace of God. The next sabbath almost the whole city gathered together to hear the word of God. But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled with jealousy, and contradicted what was spoken by Paul, and reviled him. [Both] Paul and Barnabas spoke out boldly, saying, ‘It was necessary that the word of God should be spoken first to you. Since you [reject] it, and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, behold, we turn to the Gentiles. For so the Lord has commanded us, saying, “I have set you to be a light to the Gentiles, that you may bring salvation to the [ends] of the earth.”’ And when the Gentiles heard this, they were glad and glorified the word of God. [A]s many were [destined] to eternal life [came to] believe, and the word of the Lord spread throughout all the region. But the Jews incited the devout women of high standing and the leading men of the city, and stirred up persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and drove them out of their district. [So] they shook off the dust from their feet against them, and went to Ico’nium. And the disciples were filled with joy and with the Holy Spirit.”
[00:15:34] Remember, throughout the Easter Season our First Reading will be from Acts, and one of the main focuses of Acts is the geographic spread of the Church and the men responsible for it… this is one of those stories.
[00:15:50] The travels described here, and in fact throughout chapters 13 and 14 of Acts, are part of Paul's First Missionary Journey (46 to 48 AD).
[00:16:07] So, let's join Paul and Barnabas on their journey…
[00:16:11] “[Paul and Barnabas continued] on from Perga and came to Antioch of Pisid’ia.”
[00:16:18] In the beginning of chapter 13, Luke tells us that the Holy Spirit called Paul and Barnabas to undertake this missionary journey, which began and ended in Syrian Antioch. We just heard another Antioch mentioned, Antioch of Pisidia. Don't confuse those two cities because they were roughly 100 miles apart.
[00:16:46] “On the sabbath day they went into the synagogue and sat down.”
[00:16:51] Paul always followed the same pattern: in every new locale he would go first to the Jewish synagogue to share his message before going on to the Gentiles.
“And when the meeting of the synagogue broke up,”
It's important to understand the Lectionary omits a number of verses there. And, really, what we miss is Paul's entire speech in the synagogue that day - where he explains the history of God's plan of salvation and how it was fulfilled in Jesus as the promised Messiah. So…
“when the meeting broke up, many Jews and devout converts to Judaism followed Paul and Barnabas, who spoke to them and urged them to continue in the grace of God.”
What Luke means by that is that Paul and Barnabas were urging their listeners, all those who had followed them outside the synagogue after they were done talking, to remain faithful to the good news of Jesus which Paul himself had just preached to them.
“The next sabbath almost the whole city gathered to hear the word of God.”
[00:18:19] That tells us that Paul and Barnabas were quite popular, and their message was not only compelling, but quite well received.
[00:18:31] “But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled with jealousy, and contradicted what was spoken by Paul, and reviled him.”
[00:18:42] Now, when Luke says: “the Jews” remember he means (as John does) the local Jewish authorities… because, of course, they were all Jews, right? Paul was a Jew, Barnabas was a Jew, the Jewish authorities were Jews, all the people in the synagogue were Jews… they were all Jews. So, what Luke is really referring to are the Jewish authorities. And basically they spoke out against Paul because they were jealous, truth be told, they were jealous. Paul was the new guy in town, he was wildly popular, and they were the old comfortable message. And Paul is preaching about Jesus, which they weren't… this is new stuff, this is new, this is revolutionary, it is extraordinary.
[00:19:31] “[Both] Paul and Barnabas spoke out boldly, saying, ‘It was necessary that the word of God should be spoken first to you.’”
[00:19:41] And remember, Jesus himself said that salvation is from the Jews. The Jews were God's Chosen People, prepared by Scripture and centuries of tradition, to receive the promised Messiah. But… just as the Jewish authorities in Jerusalem rejected Jesus, the Jewish authorities in Antioch of Pisidia also reject Paul's preaching about Jesus.
“Since you [reject] it, and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life,”
[00:20:22] By those words, Paul means that his listeners have made their own personal, individual choice to reject Jesus, who is the way, the truth, and the life. They have turned their backs, they have separated themselves, they have made their choice… no one snatched them out of God's hands (as we heard in the Gospel) - they did it themselves… they walked away.
[00:20:49] “behold, we turn to the Gentiles. For so the Lord has commanded us, saying, ‘I have set you to be a light for the Gentiles, that you may bring salvation to the [ends] of the earth.’”
[00:21:03] That is precisely why Paul is considered to be the Apostle to the Gentiles. And the scripture that Paul quotes there - as the Lord's command - is Isaiah 49.
[00:21:18] “And when the Gentiles heard this, they were glad and glorified the word of God. [A]s many as were [destined] to eternal life [came to] believe, and the word of the Lord spread throughout all the region.”
[00:21:33] That tells us that Paul and Barnabas were fulfilling the mission they were given by the Holy Spirit - fulfilling the mission of the Church… the Great Commission that Jesus gave to his disciples: to go out and make disciples of all nations.
[00:21:54] “But the Jews incited the devout women of high standing and the leading men of the city, and stirred up persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and drove them out of their district.”
[00:22:08] Again - I'm going to repeat it, just for completeness sake - but when Luke says the Jews… he means the Jewish authorities. And let's look at that a little bit differently. When Luke says: devout women and leading men - what he's describing are the most influential people in the Pisidian city of Antioch.
[00:22:33] So to put that in modern terminology, the synagogue officials put together a huge social media campaign to smear Paul and Barnabas. Kind of puts a whole other take on it, doesn't it? But that's essentially what happened. They spread lies against them; they reviled them. So that, for us, should be yet another really potent reminder that we need to be very careful of who and what we listen to… we need to be cautious of what we allow to influence us!
[00:23:14] “[So] they shook off the dust from their feet against them, and went to Ico’nium.”
[00:23:20] Isn't that ironic? Typically, Jews would shake the dust of hostile territories off their feet in testimony against a lack of authentic faith. But here, Paul and Barnabas shake the dust of Pisidian Antioch off their feet in testimony against the Jews of that city, who show a lack of authentic faith in Jesus - the long-awaited Messiah… the Messiah promised throughout the Scriptures of the Old Testament. Luke then tells us that Iconium, a city about 45 miles southeast of Antioch, was the next stop on their journey.
“And the disciples were filled with joy and with the Holy Spirit.”
[00:24:15] That, again, should remind us of the Beatitudes from the Sermon on the Mount in Matthew 5, when Jesus says: “Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.” That is precisely the joyfulness that Paul and Barnabas are experiencing right there. And remember, being filled with the Holy Spirit strengthens them to continue their journey since it was the Holy Spirit who first chose them for this particular mission and sent them on their way. Paul and Barnabas responded to the call of Jesus, the Good Shepherd, by carrying his message far and wide and preaching to everyone… those who accepted their message and those who rejected.
[00:25:17] It’s precisely because of the efforts of Saint Paul that most of us are Christian today. We are Gentiles… most of us would have been understood, in biblical times, to be Gentiles.
[00:25:34] So Paul's mission to spread the word is what made the Church spread, geographically, as thoroughly and quickly as it did.
[00:25:46] However, not all Christians are called to undertake such grand missions.
[00:25:56] Most of us, to be honest, are called to live good, simple, Christian lives.
[00:26:07] Sometimes that can actually be quite a challenging mission because no one is watching us or keeping tabs on our progress. Nobody's holding us accountable or keeping us honest. And the world we live in today is certainly much more challenging than the one in which Saint Paul lived and preached, which means that we have to be more deliberate… we have to make better choices, we have to hold ourselves accountable, we have to track our own progress, and we have to do it honestly!
[00:26:59] We have to be very careful in what we allow to influence US, and - in turn - how WE influence others.
[00:27:12] That's why we must always listen to the voice of Jesus, Our Good Shepherd, and follow where he leads us.
[00:27:26] Sometimes we'll get lost, sometimes we'll get distracted, but we always have to come back to Scripture and to the words of Jesus for the guidance that is authentic, true guidance, and for the strength we need to be good, faithful disciples.
[00:27:52] That takes us to our Responsorial Psalm, which this week is Psalm 100. And here is the refrain:
“We are his people, the sheep of his pasture.”
And here are this week's verses:
[00:28:07] “Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the lands! Serve the Lord with gladness! Come into his presence with singing!”
“Know that the LORD is God! It is he that made us, and we are his; we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture.”
“[T]he Lord is good; his kindness endures for ever, and his faithfulness to all generations.”
[00:28:34] That Psalm is a Hymn of Praise and Thanksgiving - and I think it's probably pretty obvious why it was chosen for Good Shepherd Sunday. Praise, of course, glorifies God simply because he IS! and thanksgiving is how we express our gratitude to God for his goodness to us.
[00:29:00] Is it always easy to offer God praise and thanksgiving? Of course not! But it is always necessary. In fact, as I said last week, turning to God with our praise, gratitude, and thanksgiving is absolutely essential to the life of every disciple… especially us, and especially now, in our modern world, which is so full of stresses, divisions, distractions, and pressures.
[00:29:35] But the Psalms of Praise and Thanksgiving remind us to turn down the volume of the world so that we can better listen to the voice of Our Good Shepherd who always leads us down the right path.
[00:30:00] That takes us to our Second Reading, which is still from Revelation 7: 9, 14b-17.
“I, John, had a vision of a great multitude which no man could number, from every nation, from all tribes and peoples and tongues, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed in white robes, with palm branches in their hands, [Then one of the elders] said to me, ‘These are they who have come out of the great tribulation; they have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb. Therefore they are before the throne of God, and serve him day and night within his temple; and he who sits upon the throne will shelter them with his presence. They shall hunger no more, nor thirst anymore; the sun shall not strike them, nor any scorching heat. For the Lamb [who is] in the midst of the throne will be their shepherd, and he will guide them to springs of living water; and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.’”
[00:31:16] The Book of Revelation can sometimes be used wrongly to inspire fear in people… fear of judgment, fear of the End Times, fear of God - and that's just plain wrong!
[00:31:34] In the verses of chapter 7 immediately preceding this reading, John records a specific number (144,000). Now I know that I say numbers in the Bible are always significant - and they are - but numbers in the Book of Revelation take symbolism to a whole other level.
[00:31:56] Certain people have attempted to use the number 144,000 to say that only a very limited, and very specific, number of people throughout all of history will be saved and enter the kingdom of heaven. That is a wildly inaccurate interpretation!
[00:32:16] In fact, when we go back and read those verses… we are told that the number is made up of 12 groups of 12,000 JEWS! Each of the 12 groups represents one of the 12 tribes of Israel… that's where 144,000 comes from - it is the product of 12 (for the number of tribes of Israel) times 12,000 (the number chosen from each tribe). As I said before, it is a symbolic number, not a literal one… not ever intended to be a literal one! The purpose of that number is to remind us that the Jews are still God's Chosen People with a place in his kingdom.
[00:33:03] One commentary I read said that God's love for his Chosen People is so vast that he will not undertake any judgment of the Gentiles until his Chosen People are secured from all harm. And we also find out - very quickly - that the number of Gentiles destined for the kingdom of heaven is a number that no one can count! Hopefully that has settled some of the uncertainty surrounding those particular numbers in Revelation.
Which takes us to this passage, which is John's vision of the heavenly liturgy - a vision of harmony and inclusion, of grandeur and anticipated beauty.
[00:33:50] One of my absolute favorite images of this heavenly liturgy is the Adoration of the Mystic Lamb, which is the central panel of the Ghent Altarpiece, a 15th century masterpiece by Flemish painter Jan Van Eyck. Truthfully, I could devote an entire episode to explaining just that piece. It is in the public domain, so I will include an image of that panel on my Instagram feed this week, and hopefully you will fall in love with it as much as I love it.
[00:34:26] Now let's explore the heavenly liturgy…
“I, John, had a vision of a great multitude which no man could number, from every nation, from all tribes and peoples and tongues,”
And there it is - that countless multitude that is destined for the kingdom of heaven. And really, that fulfills the promise God made to Abraham in Genesis, doesn't it? In Genesis 15, God promised descendants more numerous than the stars of the sky; and in Genesis 17, he promised that Abraham would be the father of many nations. So, the great multitude from every nation is the ultimate fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham. We have to keep in mind that when John wrote Revelation, it was a time of great persecution in the early Church. These images are to provide us a glimpse of the heavenly liturgy, certainly, but they were originally intended to reassure the Churches in Asia Minor that the army of God - God's followers - the army of God, was far greater than any army the Roman Empire could ever field.
[00:35:46] This great multitude was…
“standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed in white robes, with palm branches in their hands.”
When John says: “the throne” - he means God the Father and when he says: “the Lamb” - he means Jesus. So, this multitude is standing before God the Father and God the Son.
[00:36:11] Now, white is the color of victory, and palm branches are a symbol of victory. So, the multitude - all of those people, from every tribe and tongue and people and nation, the multitude - is participating in a great victory celebration.
[00:36:31] “[Then one of the elders] said to me, ‘These are they who have come out of the tribulation;’”
[00:36:38] Remember back to last week, I said there are 24 elders… and that those 24 represent the 12 tribes of Israel and the 12 Apostles. It is one of those elders who say to John that this multitude consists of those who have survived “the great tribulation” -meaning persecutions, meaning martyrs… we should think there of the martyrs.
[00:37:08] We know some of the martyrs… we know who they are, we know their names, we know how and when they died. But there have been countless martyrs down through the centuries that we may never know who they were until we get to heaven.
[00:37:24] We also know that the persecutions, undertaken by various Roman emperors, were just the beginnings of the persecutions Christians have endured throughout history down to the present time. Certainly, we think of early martyrs - people like Peter and Paul, but we also have Sebastian, Stephen, Felicity, and Perpetua (Felicity and Perpetua, you'll notice, are two of the names that come up in the Roman Canon or the Eucharistic Prayer I).
[00:37:58] But we also can't forget more recent martyrs - people like Paul Miki and his companions (16th century Japanese martyrs), but also Charles Lwanga and his companions (19th century Ugandan martyrs). Then, of course, we have Maximilian Kolbe (a 20th century martyr who died at the hands of the Nazis during World War II) and Archbishop Oscar Romero, martyred in 1979 in El Salvador, murdered in the middle of celebrating the Mass.
[00:38:46] All of these martyrs - these and countless others that we may not be able to call to mind - these martyrs, John says, have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb, meaning that they have united their suffering and torment with the Suffering, the Passion, and the Death of Jesus. Their garments are not stained red by their own blood but purified and made white by the Blood of Jesus, the Lamb of God.
[00:39:27] “Therefore they are before the throne of God, and serve him day and night within his temple; and he who sits upon the throne will shelter them with his presence.”
[00:39:37] Think back to the promise of Psalm 100 - the Lord's kindness endures forever, his faithfulness to all generations… that's what Revelation is saying.
[00:39:50] “They shall hunger no more, nor thirst anymore; the sun shall not strike them, nor any scorching heat.”
[00:39:59] That - all of that - is a promise initially made in Isaiah 49.
“For the Lamb [who is] in the midst of the throne will be their shepherd, and he will guide them to springs of living water; and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.”
[00:40:21] And that makes it abundantly clear why this passage was chosen for Good Shepherd Sunday.
[00:40:32] The Lamb of God, who was sacrificed for us, who gave up his life to save us, is Our Good Shepherd. But there's even more going on there, right? When we hear the words: “he will guide them to springs of living water” - we should immediately hear the echo of Jesus' encounter with the Samaritan woman at the well when he offered her living water… water welling up to eternal life.
[00:41:11] But that last line: “he will wipe away every tear from their eyes” - that's from Isaiah 25.
[00:41:19] This entire passage is a profoundly moving message of hope. Originally intended to bring hope to the Churches in Asia Minor that were experiencing persecutions at the time, absolutely, but it is also a message of hope for us.
[00:41:45] Hope in the midst of darkness… our own darkness, the darkness of the world. Hope in the midst of uncertainty - that no matter what is going on in our lives, no matter what is happening in the world, Jesus - Our Good Shepherd - is there for us, calling us, guiding us, protecting us, and loving us - without hesitation, without reservation.
[00:42:28] We are the precious sheep of his flock… and that should be the most important relationship in our lives because it enables us to enter freely and lovingly and generously into every other relationship.
[00:43:00] So shouldn't we always choose love?
[00:43:08] Shouldn't we always choose Jesus?
[00:43:17] If you would like to reach out to me with questions or comments, send me an email at
[email protected]
Thank you for spending this time with me and until next we meet, may God shower his blessings upon you like a soft and gentle rain and may he hold you, safe and secure, in the palm of his hand.
[00:43:41] From His Word to Our Hearts is produced by SFS Audio Solutions.
The content of the show was assembled by me, Sally Moriarty-Flask.
Our music was composed by Jimmy Flask and is used with permission of the composer. All rights reserved.
Information regarding references used in preparing the exegesis for this podcast is available upon request.
[00:44:05] Thank you for listening and God Bless.
